SECTION 15421
PLUMBING SANITARY WASTE AND VENT PIPING
PART 1 - GENERAL
1.1 SUMMARY
A. This Section includes soil and waste, sanitary drainage and vent piping inside the build- ing and to locations indicated.
B. Related Sections include the following:
1. Division 15 Section "Plumbing Specialties" for soil, waste, and vent piping sys- tems specialties.
1.2 DEFINITIONS
A. The following are industry abbreviations for plastic and rubber piping materials:
1. ABS: Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene plastic.
2. EPDM: Ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer.
3. NBR: Acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber.
4. PE: Polyethylene plastic.
5. PVC: Polyvinyl chloride plastic.
1.3 PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS
A. Provide components and installation capable of producing piping systems with the fol- lowing minimum working-pressure ratings, unless otherwise indicated:
1. Soil, Waste, and Vent Piping: 10-foot head of water (30 kPa).
1.4 SUBMITTALS
A. Product Data: For pipe, tube, fittings, and couplings.
B. Shop Drawings: For sovent drainage system, include plans, elevations, sections, and details.
C. Field Test Reports: Indicate and interpret test results for compliance with performance requirements.
1.5 QUALITY ASSURANCE
A. Piping materials shall bear label, stamp, or other markings of specified testing agency.
B. Comply with NSF 14, "Plastics Piping Systems Components and Related Materials," for plastic piping components. Include marking with "NSF-dwv" for plastic drain, waste, and vent piping; "NSF-drain" for plastic drain piping; "NSF-tubular" for plastic continuous waste piping; and "NSF-sewer" for plastic sewer piping.
PART 2 - PRODUCTS
2.1 PIPING MATERIALS
A. Refer to Part 3 "Piping Applications" Article for applications of pipe, tube, fitting, and joining materials.
B. Flexible Transition Couplings for Underground Nonpressure Piping: ASTM C 1173 with elastomeric sleeve. Include ends of same sizes as piping to be joined and include corrosion-resistant metal band on each end.
C. Transition Couplings for Underground Pressure Piping: AWWA C219 metal, sleeve- type coupling or other manufactured fitting same size as, with pressure rating at least equal to and ends compatible with, piping to be joined.
2.2 CAST-IRON SOIL PIPING
A. Hub-and-Spigot Pipe and Fittings: ASTM A 74, Service and Extra-Heavy classes.
1. Gaskets: ASTM C 564, rubber.
B. Hubless Pipe and Fittings: ASTM A 888 or CISPI 301.
1. Couplings: ASTM C 1277 assembly of metal housing, corrosion-resistant fas- teners, and ASTM C 564 rubber sleeve with integral, center pipe stop.
a. Heavy-Duty, Type 304, Stainless-Steel Couplings: ASTM A 666, Type 304, stainless-steel shield; stainless-steel bands; and sleeve.
1) NPS 1-1/2 to NPS 4 (DN 40 to DN 100): 3-inch- (76-mm-) wide shield with 4 bands.
2) NPS 5 to NPS 10: 4-inch wide shield with 6 bands
b. Compact, Stainless-Steel Couplings: CISPI 310 with ASTM A 167, Type 301, or ASTM A 666, Type 301, stainless-steel corrugated shield; stainless-steel bands; and sleeve.
1) NPS 1-1/2 to NPS 4 (DN 40 to DN 100): 2-1/8-inch- (54-mm-) wide shield with 2 bands.
1) NPS 5 and NPS 6 (DN 125 and DN 150): 3-inch- (76-mm-) wide shield with 4 bands.
2. Sovent Fittings: ASME B16.45 or ASSE 1043, hubless, aerator and deaerator.
2.3 PVC PIPING
A. PVC Pipe: Schedule 40 ASTM D 2665, solid-wall drain, waste, and vent.
1. PVC Socket Fittings: ASTM D 2665, socket type, made to ASTM D 3311, drain, waste, and vent patterns.
B. PVC Special Fittings: ASTM F 409, drainage-pattern tube and tubular fittings with ends as required for application.
2.4 PE ENCASEMENT
A. PE Encasement for Underground Metal Piping: ASTM A 674 or AWWA C105, PE film, 0.008-inch (0.20-mm) minimum thickness, tube or sheet.
PART 3 - EXECUTION
3.1 EXCAVATION
A. Refer to Division 2 Section "Earthwork" for excavating, trenching, and backfilling.
3.2 PIPING APPLICATIONS
A. Transition and special fittings with pressure ratings at least equal to piping pressure rat- ings may be used in applications below, unless otherwise indicated.
B. Aboveground, Soil, Waste, and Vent Piping: Use any of the following piping materials for each size range:
1. NPS 1-1/4 to NPS 8 (DN 32 and DN 200): PVC pipe, PVC socket fittings, and solvent-cemented joints.
2. NPS 2 to NPS 8 (DN 50 to DN 200): Hubless, cast-iron soil piping and one of the following:
a. Couplings: Heavy-duty, Type 301, stainless steel.
b. Couplings: Compact, stainless steel.
C. Underground, Soil, Waste, and Vent Piping: Use any of the following piping materials for each size range:
1. NPS 1 ½ to NPS 8 (DN 40 to DN 100): PVC pipe, PVC socket fittings, and solvent-cemented joints.
2. NPS 1-1/2 (DN 40): Hubless, cast-iron soil piping and one of the following:
a. Couplings: Heavy-duty, Type 301, stainless steel.
b. Couplings: Compact, stainless steel.
3. NPS 2 to NPS 8 (DN 50 to DN 200): Hub & Spigot Service class, cast-iron soil piping; gaskets; and gasketed joints.
4. NPS 2 to NPS 8 (DN 50 to DN 200): Hub & Spigot Extra-Heavy class, cast-iron soil piping; gaskets; and gasketed joints.
5. NPS 2 to NPS 8 (DN 50 to DN 200): Hubless, cast-iron soil piping and one of the following:
a. Couplings: Heavy-duty, Type 301, stainless steel.
b. Couplings: Compact, stainless steel.
3.3 PIPING INSTALLATION
A. Refer to Division 15 Section "Basic Plumbing Materials and Methods" for basic piping installation.
B. Install cleanouts at grade and extend to where building sanitary drains connect to build- ing sanitary sewers.
C. Install cleanout fitting with closure plug inside the building in sanitary force-main pip- ing.
D. Install wall penetration system at each service pipe penetration through foundation wall. Make installation watertight. Refer to Division 15 Section "Basic Plumbing Ma- terials and Methods" for wall penetration systems.
E. Install cast-iron soil piping according to CISPI's "Cast Iron Soil Pipe and Fittings Handbook," Chapter IV, "Installation of Cast Iron Soil Pipe and Fittings."
1. Encase underground piping with PE film according to ASTM A 674 or AWWA C105.
F. Make changes in direction for soil and waste drainage and vent piping using appropri- ate branches, bends, and long-sweep bends. Sanitary tees and short-sweep 1/4 bends may be used on vertical stacks if change in direction of flow is from horizontal to verti- cal. Use long-turn, double Y-branch and 1/8-bend fittings if 2 fixtures are installed back to back or side by side with common drain pipe. Straight tees, elbows, and cross- es may be used on vent lines. Do not change direction of flow more than 90 degrees. Use proper size of standard increasers and reducers if pipes of different sizes are con- nected. Reducing size of drainage piping in direction of flow is prohibited.
G. Lay buried building drainage piping beginning at low point of each system. Install true to grades and alignment indicated, with unbroken continuity of invert. Place hub ends of piping upstream. Install required gaskets according to manufacturer's written in- structions for use of lubricants, cements, and other installation requirements. Maintain swab in piping and pull past each joint as completed.
H. Install soil and waste drainage and vent piping at the following minimum slopes, unless otherwise indicated:
1. Building Sanitary Drain: 2 percent downward in direction of flow for piping NPS 3 (DN 80) and smaller; 1 percent downward in direction of flow for piping NPS 4 (DN 100) and larger.
2. Horizontal Sanitary Drainage Piping: 2 percent downward in direction of flow.
3. Vent Piping: 1 percent down toward vertical fixture vent or toward vent stack.
I. Install engineered soil and waste drainage and vent piping systems in locations indicat- ed and as follows:
1. Combination Waste and Vent: Comply with standards of authorities having ju- risdiction.
2. Reduced-Size Venting: Comply with standards of authorities having jurisdiction.
J. Install PVC soil and waste drainage and vent piping according to ASTM D 2665.
K. Install underground PVC soil and waste drainage piping according to ASTM D 2321.
L. Do not enclose, cover, or put piping into operation until it is inspected and approved by authorities having jurisdiction.
3.4 JOINT CONSTRUCTION
A. Refer to Division 15 Section "Basic Mechanical Materials and Methods" for basic pip- ing joint construction.
B. Cast-Iron, Soil-Piping Joints: Make joints according to CISPI's "Cast Iron Soil Pipe and Fittings Handbook," Chapter IV, "Installation of Cast Iron Soil Pipe and Fittings."
1. Gasketed Joints: Make with rubber gasket matching class of pipe and fittings.
2. Hubless Joints: Make with rubber gasket and sleeve or clamp.
C. PVC Nonpressure Piping Joints: Join piping according to ASTM D 2665.
3.5 VALVE INSTALLATION
A. Refer to Division 15 Section "Valves" for general-duty valves.
B. Shutoff Valves: Install shutoff valve on each sewage pump discharge.
1. Use gate or full-port ball valve for piping NPS 2 (DN 50) and smaller.
2. Use gate valve for piping NPS 2-1/2 (DN 65) and larger.
C. Check Valves: Install swing check valve, downstream from shutoff valve, on each sewage pump discharge.
3.6 HANGER AND SUPPORT INSTALLATION
A. Refer to Division 15 Section "Hangers and Supports" for pipe hanger and support de- vices. Install the following:
1. Vertical Piping: MSS Type 8 or Type 42, clamps.
2. Individual, Straight, Horizontal Piping Runs: According to the following:
a. 100 Feet (30 m) and Less: MSS Type 1, adjustable, steel clevis hangers.
b. Longer Than 100 Feet (30 m): MSS Type 43, adjustable roller hangers.
3. Multiple, Straight, Horizontal Piping Runs 100 Feet (30 m) or Longer: MSS Type 44, pipe rolls. Support pipe rolls on trapeze.
4. Base of Vertical Piping: MSS Type 52, spring hangers.
B. Install supports according to Division 15 Section "Hangers and Supports."
C. Support vertical piping and tubing at base and at each floor.
D. Rod diameter may be reduced 1 size for double-rod hangers, with 3/8-inch (10-mm) minimum rods.
E. Install hangers for PVC piping with the following maximum horizontal spacing and minimum rod diameters:
1. NPS 1-1/2 and NPS 2 (DN 40 and DN 50): 48 inches (1200 mm) with 3/8-inch (10-mm) rod.
2. NPS 3 (DN 80): 48 inches (1200 mm) with 1/2-inch (13-mm) rod.
3. NPS 4 and NPS 5 (DN 100 and DN 125): 48 inches (1200 mm) with 5/8-inch (16-mm) rod.
F. Install supports for vertical PVC piping every 48 inches (1200 mm).
G. Install hangers for cast-iron soil piping with the following maximum horizontal spacing and minimum rod diameters:
1. NPS 1-1/2 and NPS 2 (DN 40 and DN 50): 60 inches (1500 mm) with 3/8-inch (10-mm) rod.
2. NPS 3 (DN 80): 60 inches (1500 mm) with 1/2-inch (13-mm) rod.
3. NPS 4 and NPS 5 (DN 100 and DN 125): 60 inches (1500 mm) with 5/8-inch (16-mm) rod.
4. NPS 6 (DN 150): 60 inches (1500 mm) with 3/4-inch (19-mm) rod.
5. NPS 8 to NPS 12 (DN 200 to DN 300): 60 inches (1500 mm) with 7/8-inch (22- mm) rod.
H. Install supports for vertical cast-iron soil piping every 15 feet (4.5 m).
I. Support piping and tubing not listed above according to MSS SP-69 and manufacturer's written instructions.
3.7 CONNECTIONS
A. Drawings indicate general arrangement of piping, fittings, and specialties.
B. Connect soil and waste piping to exterior sanitary sewerage piping. Use transition fit- ting to join dissimilar piping materials.
C. Connect drainage and vent piping to the following:
1. Plumbing Fixtures: Connect drainage piping in sizes indicated, but not smaller than required by plumbing code. Refer to Division 15 Section "Plumbing Fix- tures."
2. Plumbing Fixtures and Equipment: Connect atmospheric vent piping in sizes in- dicated, but not smaller than required by authorities having jurisdiction.
3. Plumbing Specialties: Connect drainage and vent piping in sizes indicated, but not smaller than required by plumbing code. Refer to Division 15 Section "Plumbing Specialties."
4. Equipment: Connect drainage piping as indicated. Provide shutoff valve, if indi- cated, and union for each connection. Use flanges instead of unions for connec- tions NPS 2-1/2 (DN 65) and larger.
3.8 FIELD QUALITY CONTROL
A. During installation, notify authorities having jurisdiction at least 24 hours before in- spection must be made. Perform tests specified below in presence of authorities having jurisdiction.
1. Roughing-in Inspection: Arrange for inspection of piping before concealing or closing-in after roughing-in and before setting fixtures.
2. Final Inspection: Arrange for final inspection by authorities having jurisdiction to observe tests specified below and to ensure compliance with requirements.
B. Reinspection: If authorities having jurisdiction find that piping will not pass test or in- spection, make required corrections and arrange for reinspection.
C. Reports: Prepare inspection reports and have them signed by authorities having juris- diction.
D. Test sanitary drainage and vent piping according to procedures of authorities having ju- risdiction or, in absence of published procedures, as follows:
1. Test for leaks and defects in new piping and parts of existing piping that have been altered, extended, or repaired. If testing is performed in segments, submit separate report for each test, complete with diagram of portion of piping tested.
2. Leave uncovered and unconcealed new, altered, extended, or replaced drainage and vent piping until it has been tested and approved. Expose work that was covered or concealed before it was tested.
3. Roughing-in Plumbing Test Procedure: Test drainage and vent piping, except outside leaders, on completion of roughing-in. Close openings in piping system and fill with water to point of overflow, but not less than 10-foot head of water (30 kPa). From 15 minutes before inspection starts to completion of inspection, water level must not drop. Inspect joints for leaks.
4. Finished Plumbing Test Procedure: After plumbing fixtures have been set and traps filled with water, test connections and prove they are gastight and water- tight. Plug vent-stack openings on roof and building drains where they leave building. Introduce air into piping system equal to pressure of 1-inch wg (250 Pa). Use U-tube or manometer inserted in trap of water closet to measure this pressure. Air pressure must remain constant without introducing additional air throughout period of inspection. Inspect plumbing fixture connections for gas and water leaks.
5. Repair leaks and defects with new materials and retest piping, or portion thereof, until satisfactory results are obtained.
6. Prepare reports for tests and required corrective action.
3.9 CLEANING
A. Clean interior of piping. Remove dirt and debris as work progresses.
B. Protect drains during remainder of construction period to avoid clogging with dirt and debris and to prevent damage from traffic and construction work.
C. Place plugs in ends of uncompleted piping at end of day and when work stops.
3.10 PROTECTION
A. Exposed PVC Piping: Protect plumbing vents exposed to sunlight with two coats of water-based latex paint. Color to match architectural features adjacent to exposed pip- ing.
END OF SECTION
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